Biodiversity & Conservation

Sensitivity

Foliose red seaweeds on exposed or moderately exposed lower infralittoral rock

IR.EIR.KFaR.FoR

Image Rohan Holt - Foliose red seaweeds on exposed or moderately exposed lower infralittoral rock. Image width ca XX m.
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IR.EIR.KFaR.FoR recorded () and expected () distribution in Britain and Ireland (see below)

Habitat sensitivity

Physical Factors

Click factor name to view rationale	Intolerance	Recoverability	Sensitivity	Species Richness	Evidence / Confidence
Substratum Loss	High	High	Moderate	Major decline	High
Smothering	Intermediate	High	Low	Decline	Moderate
Increase in suspended sediment	Intermediate	High	Low	Decline	Moderate
Decrease in suspended sediment	Low	Very high	Very low	Rise	Moderate
Desiccation	Not relevant	Not relevant	Not relevant	Not relevant	Not relevant
Increase in emergence regime	Not relevant	Not relevant	Not relevant	Not relevant	Not relevant
Decrease in emergence regime	Not relevant	Not relevant	Not relevant	Not relevant	Not relevant
Increase in water flow rate	High	High	Moderate	Decline	Low
Decrease in water flow rate	Low	Very high	Very low	No change	Low
Increase in temperature	Intermediate	High	Low	Decline	Low
Decrease in temperature	Intermediate	High	Low	Minor decline	Low
Increase in turbidity	Low	Very high	Very low	No change	Low
Decrease in turbidity	High	High	Moderate	Rise	Low
Increase in wave exposure	Low	High	Low	Minor decline	Low
Decrease in wave exposure	Low	High	Low	Rise	Moderate
Noise	Tolerant	Not relevant	Not sensitive	No change	Moderate
Visual Presence	Tolerant	Not relevant	Not sensitive	No change	Moderate
Abrasion & physical disturbance	Intermediate	High	Low	Minor decline	Low
Displacement	High	High	Moderate	Major decline	Low

Chemical Factors

Click factor name to view rationale	Intolerance	Recoverability	Sensitivity	Species Richness	Evidence / Confidence
Synthetic compound contamination	High	Moderate	Moderate	Major decline	Moderate
Heavy metal contamination	Intermediate	Moderate	Moderate	Decline	Very low
Hydrocarbon contamination	Intermediate	High	Low	Decline	Moderate
Radionuclide contamination	Insufficient information	Not relevant	Insufficient information	Not relevant	Not relevant
Changes in nutrient levels	Intermediate	High	Low	Decline	Low
Increase in salinity	Not relevant	Not relevant	Not relevant	Not relevant	Not relevant
Decrease in salinity	Intermediate	High	Low	Minor decline	Low
Changes in oxygenation	High	High	Moderate	Major decline	Moderate

Biological Factors

Click factor name to view rationale	Intolerance	Recoverability	Sensitivity	Species Richness	Evidence / Confidence
Introduction of microbial pathogens/parasites	Insufficient information	Not relevant	Insufficient information	Not relevant	Not relevant
Introduction of non-native species	Insufficient information	Not relevant	Insufficient information	Not relevant	Not relevant
Extraction of this species	Intermediate	High	Low	Decline	Low
Extraction of other species	Not relevant	Not relevant	Not relevant	Not relevant	Not relevant

Species used to indicate biotope intolerance

Physical factors

	Delesseria sanguinea Important characterizing	Lithophyllum incrustans Important characterizing	Echinus esculentus Important other	Alcyonium digitatum Important other	Urticina felina Important other	Clavelina lepadiformis Important other
Substratum Loss	High	High	High	High	High	High
Smothering	Intermediate	Low	Intermediate	Intermediate	Low	High
Increase in suspended sediment	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Intermediate
Decrease in suspended sediment		Tolerant*			Tolerant*
Desiccation	High	High	Intermediate	Not relevant	Intermediate	High
Increase in emergence regime	Intermediate	High	Low	Not relevant	Intermediate	High
Decrease in emergence regime		Tolerant			Tolerant*
Increase in water flow rate	Intermediate	Low	Low	Tolerant*	Tolerant	Low
Decrease in water flow rate		Low		Intermediate	Intermediate
Increase in temperature	Low	Tolerant	Intermediate	Low	Intermediate	Intermediate
Decrease in temperature		Tolerant		Low	Intermediate
Increase in turbidity	Tolerant	Low	Low	Low	Tolerant	Tolerant
Decrease in turbidity		Tolerant*			Tolerant
Increase in wave exposure	Tolerant	Tolerant	Low	Tolerant	Tolerant	Intermediate
Decrease in wave exposure		Low		Intermediate	Intermediate
Noise	Tolerant	Tolerant	Tolerant	Tolerant	Tolerant	Tolerant
Visual Presence	Tolerant	Tolerant	Low	Tolerant	Tolerant	Tolerant
Abrasion & physical disturbance	Intermediate	Intermediate	Intermediate	Intermediate	Intermediate	High
Displacement	High	Low	Low	High	Low	High

Chemical factors

	Delesseria sanguinea Important characterizing	Lithophyllum incrustans Important characterizing	Echinus esculentus Important other	Alcyonium digitatum Important other	Urticina felina Important other	Clavelina lepadiformis Important other
Synthetic compound contamination	High	High	High	Intermediate	Intermediate	Insufficient information
Heavy metal contamination	Low	Insufficient information	High	Insufficient information	Insufficient information	Tolerant
Hydrocarbon contamination	High	High	High	Low	Low	Insufficient information
Radionuclide contamination	Insufficient information	Insufficient information	Insufficient information	Insufficient information	Insufficient information	Insufficient information
Changes in nutrient levels	Low	Low	Tolerant*	Low	Insufficient information	Insufficient information
Increase in salinity	Low	Insufficient information	Intermediate	Intermediate	Not relevant	Low
Decrease in salinity		Intermediate			Low
Changes in oxygenation	High	Insufficient information	Intermediate	High	Intermediate	Low

Biological factors

	Delesseria sanguinea Important characterizing	Lithophyllum incrustans Important characterizing	Echinus esculentus Important other	Alcyonium digitatum Important other	Urticina felina Important other	Clavelina lepadiformis Important other
Introduction of microbial pathogens/parasites	Insufficient information	Insufficient information	Intermediate	Insufficient information	Insufficient information	Insufficient information
Introduction of non-native species	Not relevant	Insufficient information	Not relevant	Insufficient information	Insufficient information	Tolerant
Extraction of this species	Not relevant	Not relevant	Intermediate	Not relevant	High	Not relevant
Extraction of other species	Tolerant*	Intermediate	Intermediate	Intermediate	Tolerant	Tolerant

Species used to indicate biotope recoverability

Physical factors

	Delesseria sanguinea Important characterizing	Lithophyllum incrustans Important characterizing	Echinus esculentus Important other	Alcyonium digitatum Important other	Urticina felina Important other	Clavelina lepadiformis Important other
Substratum Loss	High	Low	High	High	Moderate	Moderate
Smothering	High	Very high	High	High	Very high	Moderate
Increase in suspended sediment	Immediate	Very high	Very high	Very high	Very high	High
Decrease in suspended sediment		Not relevant			Not relevant
Desiccation	High	Low	High	Not relevant	Moderate	Moderate
Increase in emergence regime	High	Low	Very high	Not relevant	Moderate	Moderate
Decrease in emergence regime		Not relevant			Not relevant
Increase in water flow rate	High	Very high	Very high	Not relevant	Not relevant	Very high
Decrease in water flow rate		Very high		High	Moderate
Increase in temperature	Immediate	Not relevant	High	High	High	High
Decrease in temperature		Not relevant		High	High
Increase in turbidity	Not relevant	Very high	Very high	Very high	Not relevant	Not relevant
Decrease in turbidity		Not relevant			Not relevant
Increase in wave exposure	Not relevant	Not relevant	Very high	Not relevant	Not relevant	High
Decrease in wave exposure		Immediate		High	High
Noise	Not relevant	Not relevant	Not relevant	Not relevant	Not relevant	Not relevant
Visual Presence	Not relevant	Not relevant	Immediate	Not relevant	Not relevant	Not relevant
Abrasion & physical disturbance	High	High	High	High	Moderate	Moderate
Displacement	High	Very high	Very high	High	Immediate	Moderate

Chemical factors

	Delesseria sanguinea Important characterizing	Lithophyllum incrustans Important characterizing	Echinus esculentus Important other	Alcyonium digitatum Important other	Urticina felina Important other	Clavelina lepadiformis Important other
Synthetic compound contamination	High	Low	High	High	Moderate	Not relevant
Heavy metal contamination	Very high	Not relevant	High	Insufficient information	Insufficient information	Not relevant
Hydrocarbon contamination	High	High	High	High	Very high	Not relevant
Radionuclide contamination	Not relevant	Not relevant	Insufficient information	Insufficient information	Insufficient information	Not relevant
Changes in nutrient levels	Immediate	High	Not relevant	High	Insufficient information	Not relevant
Increase in salinity	Immediate	Not relevant	High	High	Not relevant	Immediate
Decrease in salinity		High			Very high
Changes in oxygenation	High	Not relevant	High	High	High	Immediate

Biological factors

	Delesseria sanguinea Important characterizing	Lithophyllum incrustans Important characterizing	Echinus esculentus Important other	Alcyonium digitatum Important other	Urticina felina Important other	Clavelina lepadiformis Important other
Introduction of microbial pathogens/parasites	Insufficient information	Not relevant	High	Insufficient information	Insufficient information	Not relevant
Introduction of non-native species	Not relevant	Not relevant	Not relevant	Insufficient information	Insufficient information	Not relevant
Extraction of this species	Not relevant	Not relevant	High	Not relevant	Moderate	Not relevant
Extraction of other species	Not relevant	High	High	High	Not relevant	Not relevant

This review can be cited as follows:

Budd, G.C. 2002. Foliose red seaweeds on exposed or moderately exposed lower infralittoral rock. Marine Life Information Network: Biology and Sensitivity Key Information Sub-programme [on-line]. Plymouth: Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. [cited 20/06/2013]. Available from: <http://www.marlin.ac.uk/habitatsensitivity.php?habitatid=65&code=1997>

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Foliose red seaweeds on exposed or moderately exposed lower infralittoral rock

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IR.EIR.KFaR.FoR