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Limariahians

Basic Information


Limaria hians.
Image: Sue Scott

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Limaria hians (the gaping file shell) is regarded as the most beautiful bivalve in the British Isles. Although usually hidden inside extensive galleries through which they pump seawater, the individual animal displays lovely orange tentacles.
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Phylum Mollusca Molluscs e.g. snails, slugs, mussels, cockles & clams
Class Pelecypoda
Recorded distribution in Britain and Ireland Patchy records from off Plymouth Sound, Skokholm, southern Isle of Man, western coasts and lochs of Scotland, and Mulroy Bay, Northern Ireland.
Habitat information Found from low water to ca 100 m on coarse sand, gravel, broken shells and stones. It may occupy 'nests' of byssus threads among rubble, under stones or in the holdfasts of laminarians. When abundant, the 'nests' may coalesce to form a carpet or reef over shell-sand, which may provide a substratum for kelps.
Description The edge of the fleshy mantle bears numerous conspicuous, red and orange filamentous tentacles. The shell is thin, solid, equivalve and oval in outline, tapering towards the beaks, and usually about 2.5 cm in length but occasionally reaching 4 cm. The beaks bear an 'ear' like projection on each side, the anterior 'ear' being more prominent. The shell gaps on both sides. The shell is white in young specimens becoming whitish-brown with age. The shell bears clear growth steps and ca 50 radiating ribs that extend to a crenulate margin. When disturbed this species can swim actively using jets of water expelled by 'clapping' its shells together and a rowing motion of its tentacles.