Species Gallery (Mollusca)
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Abra alba.
Copyright: Peter Barfield

A group of Abra alba.
Copyright: Marine Ecological Surveys Ltd

Abra nitida.
Copyright: Dr Hilmar Hinz

Abra nitida.
Copyright: Marine Ecological Surveys Ltd

The bivalve Abra prismatica.
Copyright: Marine Ecological Surveys Ltd

The spiny cockle Acanthocardia aculeata on mixed sediment.
Copyright: Jim Anderson

Museum specimens of the spiny cockle.
Copyright: Dennis R. Seaward

Acanthochitona crinita in a rock pool.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Macro image of Acanthochitona crinita.
Copyright: Jack Sewell

Acanthodoris pilosa.
Copyright: Jim Anderson

Acanthodoris pilosa in laboratory.
Copyright: Jim Anderson

Acanthodoris pilosa in the Scilly Isles.
Copyright: Robert Keen

Acanthodoris pilosa on substratum.
Copyright: Jim Anderson

Close up view of Acanthodoris pilosa.
Copyright: Robert Keen

The sea slug Acanthodoris pilosa.
Copyright: Paul Newland

Acteon tornatilis shell, approximately 1.5 cm.
Copyright: Dr Hilmar Hinz

Acteon tornatilis and burrow on Aberavon beach.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Acteon tornatilis on Aberavon beach.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

The sea slug Adalaria proxima.
Copyright: Jim Anderson

Aeolidia papillosa.
Copyright: Anne Marie Power

A macro image of Aeolidia papillosa at Wembury pools
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Detail of head and rhinophores of Aeolidia papillosa.
Copyright: Tabitha Pearman

Spawn of Aeolidia papillosa.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

The grey sea slug Aeolidia papillosa.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Aeolidiella alderi
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Aeolidiella sanguinea.
Copyright: Marco Faasse

Aequipecten opercularis on mixed substrata.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Aequipecten opercularis showing mantle and eyes.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

A resting queen scallop.
Copyright: Gordon Lang

A resting queen scallop.
Copyright: Gordon Lang

Line drawing of Alloteuthis media.
Copyright: FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations)

Alloteuthis subulata.
Copyright: Marine Biological Association of the UK (MBA)

Alloteuthis subulata egg mass.
Copyright: Paul Newland

Alloteuthis subulata eggs in a laboratory tank.
Copyright: John Rundle

Adult Alloteuthis subulata in a laboratory tank.
Copyright: John Rundle

Front view of Alloteuthis subulata.
Copyright: Marine Biological Association of the UK (MBA)

Juvenile Alloteuthis subulata in a laboratory tank.
Copyright: John Rundle

Line drawing of Alloteuthis subulata.
Copyright: FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations)

Side view of Alloteuthis subulata.
Copyright: Marine Biological Association of the UK (MBA)

A white colour morph of Eubranchia farrani.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Eubranchus farrani pale orange/pink colour morph with Obelia sp. on kelp frond.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Eubranchus farrani against a black background.
Copyright: Fiona Crouch

Eubranchus farrani orange and white colour morph on sugar kelp.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Eubranchus farrani orange and white colour morph.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

A pair of Eubranchus farrani with hydroid and bryozoan on Ulva lactuca.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Orange and white colour morph of Eubranchus farrani on Obelia sp. attached to kelp.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Spawn of Eubranchus farrani.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

The nudibranch Ancula gibbosa, with dorsal gills.
Copyright: Paula Lightfoot

Anterior view of Ancula gibbosa, with dorsal gill tuft.
Copyright: Paula Lightfoot

Dorsal surface of Ancula gibbosa, with anterior rhinophores visible on the left.
Copyright: Paula Lightfoot

Intertidal saddle oyster
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Interior of saddle oyster shell halves
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

The saddle oyster Anomia ephippium, showing the mantle edge of the left valve.
Copyright: Paula Lightfoot

The saddle oyster Anomia ephippium, showing the mantle edge of the left valve.
Copyright: Paula Lightfoot

Upper shell of saddle oyster found at low tide.
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Antiopella cristata.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Antiopella cristata on a pontoon.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

A feeding Antiopella cristata sea slug.
Copyright: Paul Newland

Close up of Antiopella cristata coruncle.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Aplysia punctata rearing up from the seabed.
Copyright: Sue Daly

Aplysia punctata (left hand side) with Actinothoe sphyrodeta.
Copyright: Sue Scott

Aplysia punctata eggs in a laboratory.
Copyright: John Rundle

Aplysia punctata eggs on Dilsea carnosa.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Aplysia punctata in a laboratory.
Copyright: John Rundle

Aplysia punctata in a rockpool at Batten Bay, Plymouth.
Copyright: Jack Sewell

Aplysia punctata on sandy gravel in the Channel Isles.
Copyright: Sue Daly

Aplysia punctata showing eye.
Copyright: Jack Sewell

Aplysia punctata under a boulder.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Aplysia punctata with string of pink eggs.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

A mating chain of Aplysia punctata in 14°C water.
Copyright: Paul Newland

Egg mass from Aplysia punctata in 14°C water.
Copyright: Paul Newland

The sea hare Aplysia punctata on leaves of Zostera marina.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Aporrhais pespelecani.
Copyright: Marine Biological Association of the UK (MBA)

Aporrhais pespelecani on a green background.
Copyright: Dr Hilmar Hinz

Aporrhais pespelecani shell lying on some sand.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

A pair of Aporrhais pespelecani
Copyright: Marine Biological Association of the UK (MBA)

Arctica islandica on a black background.
Copyright: Dr Hilmar Hinz

The sea slug Armina loveni.
Copyright: Jim Anderson

Astarte montagui.
Copyright: Dr Sebastian Holmes

Astarte sulcata.
Copyright: Dr Sebastian Holmes

Astarte sulcata on a green background.
Copyright: Dr Hilmar Hinz

Adult Atrina fragilis embedded in sea bed.
Copyright: Sue Scott

Atrina fragilis in muddy gravel, Ireland.
Copyright: Erling Svensen

Atrina fragilis in soft mud in Plymouth Sound.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Atrina fragilis on the seabed.
Copyright: Sue Scott

Atrina fragilis removed from soft mud in Plymouth Sound.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Side view of Atrina fragilis in the seabed.
Copyright: Sue Scott

Side view of Atrina fragilis on log showing scale.
Copyright: Sue Scott

Barnea candida in situ.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Barnea candida valve.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Apical view of Barnea candida protoplax.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Internal view of Barnea candida valve.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Line drawing of Bathypolypus arcticus.
Copyright: FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations)

Berthella plumula on Spirorbis covered rock.
Copyright: Tabitha Pearman

Berthella plumula.
Copyright: Tabitha Pearman

An active sea slug, Berthella plumula.
Copyright: Holly Latham

Apertural view of Bittium reticulatum.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Buccinum undatum
Copyright: Gordon Lang

Buccinum undatum crawling on the seabed highlighting shape of foot, tentacles and siphon. Note also the Crepidula fornicata on the shell.
Copyright: Paul Newland

Buccinum undatum egg mass.
Copyright: Paul Newland

Buccinum undatum shell against a blue background.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Group of Buccinum undatum illustrating shape of foot, siphon and operculum.
Copyright: Marine Ecological Surveys Ltd

The whelk Buccinum undatum laying eggs, late December 2002.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Three spawning Buccinum undatum with Sea Loch anemones
Copyright: Gordon Lang

Two Buccinum undatum individuals in what appears to be a mating position.
Copyright: Paul Newland

Cadlina laevis with encrusting red algae at Doune, Scotland.
Copyright: Fiona Crouch

Cadlina laevis in the Scilly Isles.
Copyright: Robert Keen

Six specimens of Caecum armoricum.
Copyright: Dennis R. Seaward

Front half of adult Caecum armoricum.
Copyright: Nigel Charles

Post larval juvenile of Caecum armoricum. Whole animal and shell, showing protoconch and operculum.
Copyright: Nigel Charles

Two specimens of Caecum armoricum. The smaller specimen has laid down a new septum preparatory to breaking off the empty part of the shell.
Copyright: Nigel Charles

Painted top shell
Copyright: Paul Naylor

Calliostoma zizyphinum in Lyme Bay, Devon.
Copyright: Robert Keen

Calliostoma zizyphinum on a rock amongst barnacles and limpets.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Calliostoma zizyphinum with Corynactis viridis on the Manacles, southwest Cornwall.
Copyright: Robert Keen

Calliostoma zizyphinum.
Copyright: Dr Harvey Tyler-Walters

Lone Calliostoma zizyphinum at Firestone.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Lone Calliostoma zizyphinum at Lundy.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Painted top shell.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

External view of Callista chione valve.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Internal view of Callista chione valve.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Side profile of Callista chione.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Caloria elegans from a rocky reef area, Co Antrim.
Copyright: Bernard Picton

Chinamans hat snail attached to intertidal vegetation
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Aperture of Chinamans hat shell, found on beach
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Spire of Chinamans hat shell, found on beach
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Flabellina pellucida.
Copyright: Sue Scott

The common cockle Cerastoderma edule on mud surface.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Cerastoderma edule on a black background.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Shell of Cerastoderma edule opened to display hinge.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Three Cerastoderma glaucum with siphons extended.
Copyright: Dennis R. Seaward

An intertidal feeding Cerithiopsis tubercularis
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

An intertidal feeding Cerithiopsis tubercularis
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

External view of Chamelea gallina valve.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Chamelea gallina on a black background.
Copyright: Dr Hilmar Hinz

Internal view of Chamelea gallina valve.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

External view of Clausinella fasciata valve.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Internal view of Clausinella fasciata valve.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Side profile of Clausinella fasciata.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Apertural view of Colus islandicus.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Crepidula fornicata at Oreston Spit.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Crepidula fornicata growing on the shell of an edible crab illustrating diversity of substrata on which it can grow.
Copyright: Peter Watkinson

Chain of slipper limpets on the lower shore.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Individual Crepidula fornicata on pebble intertidally
Copyright: Jack Sewell

Single Crepidula fornicata on rock overhang.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Dendronotus frondosus on kelp at Bach Island, Firth of Lorne on the west coast of Scotland.
Copyright: Jim Anderson

Dendronotus frondosus from the north coast of Bernera Island, Lismore on the west coast of Scotland.
Copyright: Jim Anderson

Diaphorodoris luteocincta at 36 metres on the wreck of the King Cadwallan, Hard Lewis Rocks, Isles of Scilly.
Copyright: Robert Keen

Pair of Diaphorodoris luteocincta.
Copyright: Robert Keen

Common keyhole limpet Diodora graeca.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Diodora graeca feeding on a sponge on the side of a rock.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Assorted colours and shapes of banded wedge shells
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Inside of shell half of the banded wedge shell
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Open empty shell of Donax vittatus.
Copyright: Paul Naylor

Shell half of the banded wedge shell
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Shell half of the banded wedge shell
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Yellow eggs of Archidoris pseudoargus.
Copyright: Fiona Crouch

Archidoris pseudoargus
Copyright: Paul Newland

Archidoris pseudoargus eggs in a laboratory tank.
Copyright: John Rundle

Archidoris pseudoargus feeding on breadcrumb sponge.
Copyright: Peter Barfield

A pale Archidoris pseudoargus at low tide.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

An orange Archidoris pseudoargus specimen.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Close up view of Archidoris pseudoargus eggs in a laboratory tank.
Copyright: John Rundle

Lemon-peel like eggs of Archidoris pseudoargus.
Copyright: Fiona Crouch

Mating sea lemons.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

The egg ribbon of the sea lemon Archidoris pseudoargus.
Copyright: Peter Barfield

The sea lemon Archidoris pseudoargus in rockpool.
Copyright: Anne Marie Power

The sea lemon Archidoris pseudoargus.
Copyright: Jack Sewell

Doris sticta.
Copyright: Paul Newland

Doris sticta on the sea floor
Copyright: Sue Daly

External view of Dosinia exoleta valve.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Internal view of Dosinia exoleta valve.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

The smooth Artemis Dosinia lupinus on a black background.
Copyright: Dr Hilmar Hinz

Doto fragilis
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Duvaucelia odhneri and eggs on the sea fan Eunicella verrucosa.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Duvaucelia odhneri on Eunicella verrucosa.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Duvaucelia odhneri on a sea fan.
Copyright: Robert Keen

Close up view of Duvaucelia odhneri on a sea fan.
Copyright: Robert Keen

Sea slug Duvaucelia odhneri on sea fan Eunicella verrucosa.
Copyright: Paul Newland

The sea slug Duvaucelia odhneri with its eggs.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Eledone cirrhosa
Copyright: Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC)

Eledone cirrhosa against the glass of a laboratory tank.
Copyright: John Rundle

Eledone cirrhosa juvenile.
Copyright: Dr Hilmar Hinz

Eledone cirrhosa scrambling up a rock in a laboratory.
Copyright: John Rundle

Eledone cirrhosa, curled octopus.
Copyright: Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC)

Line drawing of Eledone cirrhosa.
Copyright: FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations)

Mottled Eledone cirrhosa near the seabed.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Newly born Eledone cirrhosa.
Copyright: John Rundle

Elysia viridis.
Copyright: Sue Scott

Elysia viridis crawling in a rockpool; note the characteristic bright green-blue spots.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Elysia viridis with egg ribbon on Codium spp.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Elysia viridis.
Copyright: Sue Scott

Two Elysia viridis in a rockpool.
Copyright: Tabitha Pearman

The slit limpet Emarginula fissura.
Copyright: Bryan Wasson

Ensis ensis, the razor shell.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Ensis siliqua shell on a dark background.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

The razor shell Ensis siliqua showing almost straight sided valves.
Copyright: Paul Newland

The razor shell Ensis siliqua.
Copyright: Paul Newland

The siphons of a razor shell.
Copyright: Paul Newland

Apertural view of Epitonium clathrus.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Adapertural (back) view of Euspira catena.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

A live necklace shell on the beach, with foot spread across substratum.
Copyright: Paul Newland

Apertural view of Euspira catena.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Egg collar of the necklace shell Euspira catena. Another species (probably the thick-lipped whelk) has attached its own eggs to the underside of the collar.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Fabulina fabula.
Copyright: Peter Barfield

Fabulina fabula on a black background.
Copyright: Dr Hilmar Hinz

Facelina auriculata on Ulva lactuca.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Facelina auriculata at Mayflower Marina.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Facelina auriculata on Laminaria.
Copyright: Fiona Crouch

Facelina auriculata.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

A Facelina auriculata with long oral tentacles.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Closer view of Facelina auriculata on Ulva lactuca.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Spawn of Facelina auriculata.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Facelina bostoniensis .
Copyright: Sue Scott

Facelina bostoniensis.
Copyright: Sue Scott

Fjordia browni
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Fjordia browni on hydroids
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Fjordia lineata
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Fjordia lineata and egg masses on erect hydroids
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Geitodoris planata.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Geitodoris planata at Scapa Flow, Orkneys.
Copyright: Robert Keen

The Turban Top Shell Gibbula magus
Copyright: Michael Puleston

Apertural view of Gibbula magus
Copyright: Michael Puleston

Shell of the dog cockle Glycymeris glycymeris.
Copyright: Jo Trout

Both valves of the dog cockle Glycymeris glycymeris.
Copyright: Jo Trout

Multiple Glycymeris glycymeris shells on the seabed.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Goniodoris nodosa, found attached to sugar kelp on a pontoon.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Outer view of Haliotis tuberculata.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Haliotis tuberculata
Copyright: Sue Daly

Haliotis tuberculata in the Channel Isles.
Copyright: Sue Daly

An empty Haliotis tuberculata shell in the Channel Isles.
Copyright: Sue Daly

Inner view of Haliotis tuberculata.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Underside of Haliotis tuberculata shell.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Hero formosa on sediment.
Copyright: Jim Anderson

Hiatella arctica.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Hiatella arctica in burrow.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Line drawing of Illex coindetii.
Copyright: FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations)

Two specimens of Jorunna tomentosa beneath rock overhang.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Jorunna tomentosa on Ulva lactuca.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Jorunna tomentosa, on Ulva lactuca on a marine pontoon.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Spawn of Jorunna tomentosa.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Apertural view of Jujubinus striatus.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

The banded chink snail Lacuna vincta on kelp.
Copyright: Marine Biological Association of the UK (MBA)

External view of Lasaea adansoni valve.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Top view of Leptochiton scabridus.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Limaria hians.
Copyright: Sue Scott

Limaria hians and nest.
Copyright: Sue Scott

Limaria hians hidden within a nest.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Close up of the tentacles of Limaria hians.
Copyright: Sue Scott

Littorina littorea in a rock crevice.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Littorina littorea showing its withdrawn operculum.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Edible periwinkle Littorina littorea on sheltered vertical rock at Millport, Firth of Clyde.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Lone Littorina littorea viewed from above.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Three Littorina littorea on intertidal rock with limpets, barnacles and weed.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Three Littorina littorea on rock under water at high tide.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Littorina obtusata.
Copyright: Peter Barfield

Littorina obtusata on Fucus sp.
Copyright: Dr Charlotte Marshall

Littorina obtusata.
Copyright: Sue Scott

Collection of Littorina obtusata shells.
Copyright: Sue Daly

Eggs of Littorina obtusata.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Young Littorina obtusata with a distinctly banded shell.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Littorina saxatilis, rough periwinkles amongst barnacles, Semibalanus balanoides.
Copyright: Sue Scott

Littorina saxatilis individuals in the gap between two rocks.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Lone Littorina saxatilis individual on a boulder.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Lone upturned Littorina saxatilis individual on a boulder
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Loligo forbesi.
Copyright: Marine Biological Association of the UK (MBA)

Line drawing of Loligo forbesi.
Copyright: FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations)

Line drawing of Loligo vulgaris.
Copyright: FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations)

Eggs of Loligo vulgaris in a laboratory.
Copyright: John Rundle

Eggs of the common squid washed up on the shore.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Macoma balthica.
Copyright: Marine Biological Association of the UK (MBA)

External view of Macomangulus tenuis valve.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Internal view of Macomangulus tenuis valves.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Magallana gigas at Batten Bay, Plymouth Sound.
Copyright: Guy Baker

Magallana gigas (with diver)
Copyright: Paul Newland

Magallana gigas at Firestone Bay, Plymouth Sound.
Copyright: Jack Sewell

Magallana gigas at Jennycliff Bay.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Magallana gigas growing on the side of a marina pontoon.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Magallana gigas on a dark, barnacle covered rock.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Magallana gigas on open rock.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Magallana gigas, Kingsand.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

The pearl top shell Margarites helicinus.
Copyright: Erling Svensen

Margarites helicinus with eggs.
Copyright: Erling Svensen

Melarhaphe neritoides in high shore crevice.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

External view of Mercenaria mercenaria valve.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Internal view of Mercenaria mercenaria valve.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Side view of Mercenaria mercenaria lunule.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

The slender sea slug Microchlamylla gracilis
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

The bearded horse mussel on a rocky intertidal shore
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Horse mussel bed with hydroids and red seaweed, Linga Sound, Shetland.
Copyright: Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC)

Clump of horse mussels Modiolus modiolus on bedrock.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Group of horse mussels in sediment.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Musculus discors living in bryozoan turf collected from dead Eunicella verrucosa.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

A selection of adult Mya arenaria.
Copyright: Dr Matthias Strasser

A selection of juvenile Mya arenaria about 2-5 mm in length.
Copyright: Dr Matthias Strasser

Characteristic siphon holes of Mya arenaria.
Copyright: Dr Matthias Strasser

Specimen of Mya truncata.
Copyright: Tim Siferd

Siphons of Mya truncata visible on sediment surface at 19m off Qikiqtarjuag, Canada.
Copyright: Tim Siferd

Myrtea spinifera.
Copyright: Peter Barfield

Clump of mussels.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Mytilus edulis covered in barnacles - close up.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Mytilus edulis covered in barnacles.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Mytilus edulis, on a buoy line, feeding.
Copyright: Sue Scott

Dense clump of mussels with barnacles on individuals.
Copyright: Sue Scott

Dense covering of mussels on intertidal rocks.
Copyright: Sue Scott

Dense growth of young mussels with barnacles and two dog whelks.
Copyright: Sue Scott

Mussel shells displayed on gravel.
Copyright: Sue Daly

Neptunea antiqua.
Copyright: Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH)

Group of Nucella lapillus and eggs on an overhang (the photograph is upside-down to aid identification).
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Nucella lapillus with black and white stripes.
Copyright: Sue Daly

Nucella lapillus with egg capsules.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Nucella lapilus on a rock.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Nucella lapilus under an overhang.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Bright orange Nucella lapilus.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Brown and white striped Nucella lapillus on barnacles
Copyright: Becky Seeley

Brown and white striped juvenile Nucella lapilus.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Close up view of Nucella lapilus and their eggs.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Dogwhelk on rock. Photo taken underwater.
Copyright: Sue Daly

The dog whelk Nucella lapillus, highlighting colour variation.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Nucula nitidosa
Copyright: Dr Sebastian Holmes

Nucula nitidosa on a black background.
Copyright: Dr Hilmar Hinz

Nucula sulcata.
Copyright: Dr Sebastian Holmes

Live oyster drill
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Ocenebra erinacea with egg capsules.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Aperture and ventral side of oyster drill shell
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Egg sacs containing eggs of oyster drills
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Live oyster drill
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Right side of oyster drill shell
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Two oyster drills with cluster of egg sacs
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Underside of Ocenebra erinacea.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Octopus vulgaris.
Copyright: Marine Biological Association of the UK (MBA)

Okenia elegans
Copyright: Paul Naylor

A front view of the yellow skirt slug
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

The celtic sea slug Onchidella celtica.
Copyright: Peter Barfield

Onchidella celtica
Copyright: Fiona Crouch

Onchidella celtica besides a limpet and barnacles.
Copyright: Fiona Crouch

A pair of mating Onchidella celtica.
Copyright: Peter Barfield

Anterior view of a Celtic sea slug Onchidella celtica on Mytilus edulis
Copyright: Becky Seeley

Onchidoris bilamellata.
Copyright: Jim Anderson

Onchidoris bilamellata in fucoid zone.
Copyright: Jenni Kakkonen

Onchidoris bilamellata on muddy silt substratum.
Copyright: Paul Newland

Onchidoris bilamellata spawn.
Copyright: Jim Anderson

A group of Onchidoris bilamellata.
Copyright: Paul Newland

An Onchidoris bilamellata aggregation.
Copyright: Gordon Lang

An Onchidoris bilamellata aggregation.
Copyright: Gordon Lang

Onchidoris muricata.
Copyright: Jim Anderson

Dorsal view of Onchidoris muricata.
Copyright: Jim Anderson

A view of the upper (right) side of a native oyster attached to pebbles.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Native oyster Ostrea edulis exposed by the tide at Oreston Spit, Plym Estuary.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Native oyster Ostrea edulis in shallow water at Durgon, Itelford River, Cornwall.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Otina ovata on a rock covered by the barnacle Semibalanus balanoides.
Copyright: Peter Barfield

Three live shells and one empty one of Paludinella globularis.
Copyright: Dennis R. Seaward

One animal crawling. Eyes showing in centre of lobed tentacles.
Copyright: Dennis R. Seaward

The limpet Patella depressa.
Copyright: MarClim

Patella depressa with a greenish tint.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Patella pellucida on kelp blade.
Copyright: Marine Biological Association of the UK (MBA)

Patella pellucida in Doune.
Copyright: Fiona Crouch

Patella pellucida on Laminaria ochroleuca.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Patella pellucida on a blade of kelp.
Copyright: Peter Barfield

Patella pellucida on kelp showing its grazing trails.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Patella pellucida on some damaged kelp.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Patella pellucida on some kelp.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Four Patella pellucida on kelp.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Shell of the china limpet on rocky shore
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Barnacle-covered shell of the china limpet on rocky shore
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Foot and underside of Patella ulyssiponensis.
Copyright: MarClim

Inside of china limpet shell showing foot and mouth
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Inside of china limpet shell with animal removed
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Patella vulgata on rock.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Patella vulgata showing its muscular foot while being grasped by a dog whelk.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

A gathering of Patella vulgata.
Copyright: Peter Barfield

Four Patella vulgata individuals.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Patella vulgata on the move; showing the muscular foot and fringing pallial tentacles
Copyright: Paul Newland

Great scallop, Pecten maximus, and maerl.
Copyright: Sue Scott

Pecten maximus in Doune.
Copyright: Fiona Crouch

Pecten maximus in front of eelgrass
Copyright: Andrew Pearson

Pecten maximus shells.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Pecten maximus shells.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Pecten maximus swimming.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Close up of the Great Scallop Pecten maximus showing the mantle.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Great scallop ( Pecten maximus) on a gravel bank at the Manacles, southwest Cornwall.
Copyright: Robert Keen

The great scallop in sediment.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

External view of Petricolaria pholadiformis valve.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Petricolaria pholadiformis in situ.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Internal view of Petricolaria pholadiformis valve.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

External view of Phaxas pellucidus valve.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Phaxas pellucidus lying on top of a sandy shore.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Phaxas pellucidus on a black background.
Copyright: Dr Hilmar Hinz

Phaxas pellucidus protruding from its burrow.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Phaxas pellucidus.
Copyright: Peter Barfield

Tip of Phaxas pellucidus showing out of its burrow.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Philine aperta on sediment surface.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Group of Philine aperta on the sediment surface.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

The lobe shell Philine aperta in sandy substrate.
Copyright: Paul Newland

The lobe shell Philine aperta, partly buried in sand.
Copyright: Paul Newland

Large specimen of Pholas dactylus from off Mumbles Head.
Copyright: Jon Moore

The common piddock Pholas dactylus, South Wales.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Phorcus lineatus on intertidal rock.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Phorcus lineatus on a barnacle covered rock.
Copyright: Peter Barfield

Phorcus lineatus on a barnacle covered rock.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Phorcus lineatus on a rock.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Phorcus lineatus upturned on a rock.
Copyright: Peter Barfield

Close up view of aperture.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Dull-coloured Phorcus lineatus on a rocky shore.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Group of Phorcus lineatus on emmersed mid shore rock.
Copyright: Dr Harvey Tyler-Walters

Two Phorcus lineatus on rock.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Pleurobranchus membranaceus at Lyme Bay.
Copyright: Mike Markey

Pleurobranchus membranaceus with eggs, Lyme Bay.
Copyright: Mike Markey

Aperture and spire of the common spire shell
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Right side of common spire shell
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Close up of the head of Rossia macrosoma.
Copyright: Dr Hilmar Hinz

Rossia macrosoma on a black background.
Copyright: Dr Hilmar Hinz

Close up of the head and tentacles of Rossia macrosoma.
Copyright: Dr Hilmar Hinz

Line drawing of Rossia macrosoma.
Copyright: FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations)

Rostanga rubra.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Rostanga rubra at Scapa Flow, Orkneys.
Copyright: Robert Keen

External view of Ruditapes decussatus valve.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Internal view of Ruditapes decussatus valve.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Internal view of Ruditapes decussatus valve.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

External view of Ruditapes philippinarum valve.
Copyright: Terry Wimbleton

Side profile of lunule and ligament of Ruditapes philippinarum.
Copyright: Terry Wimbleton

Runcina coronata in a rockpool.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

A number of Scrobicularia plana being dug out of coarse sediment.
Copyright: Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC)

Closeup of the hinge of one valve of the peppery furrow shell
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Interior of one valve of the peppery furrow shell
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

One valve of the peppery furrow shell
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Overhead shot of star shaped depressions left by siphons of Scrobicularia plana.
Copyright: Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC)

Line drawing of Sepia elegans.
Copyright: FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations)

Front view of Sepia elegans
Copyright: Becky Seeley

Side view of Sepia elegans
Copyright: Becky Seeley

Two individuals hovering over the sea bed.
Copyright: Marine Biological Association of the UK (MBA)

Sepia officinalis bone.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Sepia officinalis juveniles bred in a laboratory.
Copyright: John Rundle

Sepia officinalis lying on a cobble seabed.
Copyright: Fiona Crouch

Sepia officinalis squirting ink.
Copyright: John Rundle

Sepia officinalis with its eggs.
Copyright: John Rundle

Dark eggs of Sepia officinalis.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Detached eggs of Sepia officinalis at different growth stages.
Copyright: John Rundle

Eggs of common cuttlefish on Sargassum muticum.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Female Sepia officinalis in a laboratory.
Copyright: John Rundle

Head of Sepia officinalis with its eggs.
Copyright: John Rundle

Individual burying in gravel.
Copyright: Paul Naylor

Pair of Sepia officinalis hovering over the seabed.
Copyright: Fiona Crouch

Side view of entire individual.
Copyright: Marine Biological Association of the UK (MBA)

Two individuals.
Copyright: Marine Biological Association of the UK (MBA)

Line drawing of Sepietta oweniana.
Copyright: FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations)

Sepiola atlantica
Copyright: Gordon Lang

Sepiola atlantica on a green background.
Copyright: Dr Hilmar Hinz

a number of recently hatched Sepolia atlantica.
Copyright: Cathal McNaughton

Head region of Sepiola atlantica.
Copyright: Dr Hilmar Hinz

Highly pigmented Sepiola atlantica.
Copyright: Dr Hilmar Hinz

Individual Sepiola atlantica on gravel.
Copyright: Paul Naylor

Line drawing of Sepiola atlantica.
Copyright: FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations)

Line drawing of Sepiola rondeletii.
Copyright: FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations)

The carnivorous snail Simnia patula.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Simnia patula on Alcyonium digitatum.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Simnia patula on Eunicella verrucosa at Lundy.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Simnia patula on its prey - close up view.
Copyright: Fiona Crouch

Simnia patula on its prey.
Copyright: Fiona Crouch

Simnia patula on white sea fan
Copyright: Dylan Jones

The carnivorous snail Simnia patula with its eggs on its prey, Alcyonium digitatum.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

External view of Spisula elliptica valve.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Internal view of Spisula elliptica valve.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

The surf clam Spisula solida.
Copyright: Bob Williams

External view of Spisula solidissima valve.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Internal view of Spisula solidissima valve.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Gibbula cineraria, the grey top shell.
Copyright: Sue Daly

Grey top shell Gibbula cineraria showing operculum
Copyright: Tabitha Pearman

Gibbula umbilicalis, flat top shell.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Lone Gibbula umbilicalis on a rock.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

The topshell Gibbula umbilicalis amongst dog whelks.
Copyright: Peter Barfield

The topshell Gibbula umbilicalis upturned on a rock showing its operculum.
Copyright: Peter Barfield

The topshell Gibbula umbilicalis upturned on a rock.
Copyright: Peter Barfield

Three mature Gibbula umbilicalis individuals.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Underside of Gibbula umbilicalis showing the operculum.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Varying forms of Gibbula umbilicalis - view 1.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Varying forms of Gibbula umbilicalis - view 2.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

External view of Tellimya ferruginosa valve.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Tellimya ferruginosa in a laboratory.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Tellimya ferruginosa on a black background.
Copyright: Dr Hilmar Hinz

Internal view of Tellimya ferruginosa valves.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

Tenellia adspersa crawling on Ruppia with the mollusc Rissoa membranacea.
Copyright: Dennis R. Seaward

Tenellia adspersa
Copyright: Dennis R. Seaward

Two animals crawling on Zostera and Obelia.
Copyright: Dennis R. Seaward

The limpet Tectura testudinalis.
Copyright: MarClim

Tectura testudinalis on a barnacle covered rock.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Tectura testudinalis on a rock.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Common tortoiseshell limpet on stones at low water in Scotland.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Tortoiseshell limpet, Tectura testudinalis.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

External view of Thracia convexa valve.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

External view of Thracia villosiuscula valve.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

External view of Thyasira gouldii valve.
Copyright: Amgueddfa Cymru - Museum Wales

The oval venus, Timoclea ovata.
Copyright: Peter Barfield

Line drawing of Todaropsis eblanae.
Copyright: FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations)

Tonicella marmorea
Copyright: Sue Scott

Tonicella marmorea
Copyright: Paul Naylor

The rare sea slug Trapania maculata.
Copyright: Rob Spray and Dawn Watson

Aperture and ventral side of pheasant shell
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Right side of pheasant shell
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Three pheasant shells, showing diversity in colour
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Four brownish Tritia incrassata individuals.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Bright pink Tritia incrassata.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

A mobile netted dog whelk displaying siphon and tentacles.
Copyright: Paul Newland

Tritia reticulata on gravel.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Tritia reticulata with eggs at 40 m depth.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

A swarm of netted dog whelks feeding on a dead spider crab.
Copyright: Paul Newland

Aperture of the netted dog whelk
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Egg case of netted dog whelk showing individual eggs inside
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Egg cases of netted dog whelk on intertidal rock
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Flat, vase-shaped egg capsules of Tritia reticulata.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Netted dog whelk on intertidal rock
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Shell of the netted dog whelk
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

Shell of the netted dog whelk
Copyright: David Fenwick Snr.

The netted whelk on sediment.
Copyright: Tabitha Pearman

The thick-lipped dog whelk Tritia reticulata.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Tritonia hombergi with eggs.
Copyright: Sue Scott

Tritonia hombergi amongst brittle stars.
Copyright: Paul Naylor

Tritonia hombergi at Morris Rogue reef near Torbay, at 12 m depth.
Copyright: Paul Newland

Tritonia hombergi at Tucker Rock near Torbay, at 13 m depth.
Copyright: Paul Newland

Sea slug egg mass, probably of Tritonia hombergi.
Copyright: Paul Newland

Small Tritonia hombergi feeding on dead man's fingers Alcyonium digitatum.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

The Arctic cowrie Trivia arctica.
Copyright: Sue Scott

Trivia arctica at Firestone Bay, Plymouth Sound.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Trivia arctica in the intertidal.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Arctic cowrie.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Trivia monacha at Scapa Flow, Orkneys.
Copyright: Robert Keen

Trivia monacha at Scapa Flow, Orkneys.
Copyright: Robert Keen

Trivia monacha grouped together in a crevice.
Copyright: Peter Barfield

Trivia monacha in a rockpool.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Trivia monacha on the Isles of Scilly.
Copyright: Robert Keen

Trivia monacha with distinctive yellow mantle.
Copyright: MarLIN

Empty shell of the cowrie Trivia monacha.
Copyright: Holly Latham

One juvenile crawling shell and 5 adults of Truncatella subcylindrica. Also one shell of Paludinella litorina.
Copyright: Dennis R. Seaward

Line drawing of Truncatella subcylindrica.
Copyright: Dr R.S.K. Barnes

Two adult Truncatella subcylindrica, one crawling.
Copyright: Dennis R. Seaward

Turritella communis on sediment.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Turritella communis shell lying in sand.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Turritella communis shell on a black background.
Copyright: Judith Oakley

Two Turritella communis on sediment.
Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock

Varicorbula gibba.
Copyright: Dr Sebastian Holmes

Varicorbula gibba on a black background.
Copyright: Dr Hilmar Hinz

Varicorbula gibba shell opened to show ligment and hinge teeth.
Copyright: Dr Sebastian Holmes

Varicorbula gibba.
Copyright: Dr Sebastian Holmes

Venus verrucosa in a laboratory.
Copyright: Dr Hilmar Hinz
Images: 544